A new study investigated as to what extent stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) is associated with short- and long-term mortality in diabetic and non-diabetic acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients, when compared blood-glucose at admission.

The analysis selected 2,311 AMI patients aged 25-84 years, from the Myocardial Infarction Registry Augsburg – a population-based database.

The findings showed that higher blood-glucose at admission and higher SHR significantly and nonlinearly correlated to a greater 28-day mortality patients with AMI, irrespective of their diabetes statuses. While in non-diabetics, the area under the curve (AUC) for SHR was significantly lower than for admission glucose, for diabetics, these AUCs were comparable. Increasing blood-glucose at admission associated non-linearly with higher five-year all-cause mortality in diabetic AMI patients, but not in non-diabetic patients. Meanwhile, the AUC values rendered comparable predictions of the 5-year mortality for both measures, irrespective of the diabetes statuses.

From the results, it was inferred that stress hyperglycemia plays a crucial role in AMI patients concerning the short-term prognosis. However, it is not detrimental to the long-term prognosis. The findings emphasized that SHR is a transient and dynamic disorder that can precipitate during an acute event, and may hamper prognosis.

Source: Acta Diabetology. 2022 May 9. doi: 10.1007/s00592-022-01893-0.